About valproic acid
Anticonvulsant and mood stabilizer
Used for
- Seizure disorders, including epilepsy
- Bipolar disorder, particularly manic episodes
- Migraine prevention
Usual adult dose
Varies by condition and formulation; commonly starts at 10–15 mg/kg daily for epilepsy, adjusted gradually.
Usual dose in children
For epilepsy, commonly starts at 10–15 mg/kg daily; adjusted gradually according to response and specialist guidance.
Common side effects
- Nausea, stomach discomfort, or diarrhea
- Tremor, sleepiness, or dizziness
- Weight gain or hair thinning
- Low platelets or liver injury
Important warnings
- Can cause severe liver injury, especially in young children and people with certain metabolic disorders.
- Can cause pancreatitis; seek urgent assessment for severe abdominal pain or persistent vomiting.
- May cause suicidal thoughts or behavior; mood changes require prompt attention.
- Do not stop suddenly; seizures or mood symptoms may worsen.
Pregnancy
High risk of serious birth defects and developmental problems. Avoid for migraine prevention in pregnancy; for epilepsy or bipolar disorder, use only when alternatives are unsuitable and specialist oversight is essential.
Breastfeeding
Small amounts enter breast milk. Breastfeeding is often possible with medical supervision; monitor the infant for unusual sleepiness, poor feeding, or jaundice.
Interactions
- Carbapenem antibiotics can sharply lower valproate levels and reduce seizure control.
- Aspirin and some seizure medicines can alter valproate levels or increase side effects.
- Valproate can increase lamotrigine levels and serious rash risk.
- Alcohol and sedating medicines can worsen drowsiness and impaired coordination.
AI-generated from general medical knowledge, not from this product's official leaflet. It may be incomplete or out of date. Not medical advice — ask a pharmacist or doctor before making any decision.