About theophylline
Methylxanthine bronchodilator
Used for
- Maintenance treatment of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) when other treatments are insufficient.
Usual adult dose
Dosing is individualized using blood tests; a common starting dose is 200 mg twice daily, adjusted gradually.
Usual dose in children
Dosing is individualized by age, weight, and blood tests; specialist supervision is needed.
Common side effects
- Nausea, vomiting, stomach discomfort
- Headache, restlessness, or insomnia
- Fast or irregular heartbeat
- High levels can cause seizures
Important warnings
- A narrow safe range means blood tests may be needed.
- Smoking changes how quickly theophylline is removed; stopping or starting smoking can alter levels.
- Fever, liver disease, and heart failure can raise theophylline levels.
- Seek urgent care for severe vomiting, irregular heartbeat, or seizures.
Pregnancy
Use only when needed under medical supervision; pregnancy can change theophylline levels.
Breastfeeding
Small amounts enter breast milk; monitor infants for irritability, poor feeding, or fast heartbeat.
Interactions
- Some antibiotics, including ciprofloxacin and erythromycin, can raise levels.
- Theophylline levels may fall with rifampicin or some seizure medicines.
- Caffeine can worsen stimulant effects.
- Tell clinicians about all medicines before treatment.
AI-generated from general medical knowledge, not from this product's official leaflet. It may be incomplete or out of date. Not medical advice — ask a pharmacist or doctor before making any decision.