About metformin hydrochol ide
Biguanide blood-sugar-lowering medicine
Used for
- Type 2 diabetes, alongside diet and exercise.
Usual adult dose
Usually started at 500 mg once daily with an evening meal; increased gradually as needed, up to 2,000 mg daily.
Usual dose in children
For children aged 10 years and older with type 2 diabetes, usually 500 mg once daily; increased gradually, up to 2,000 mg daily.
Common side effects
- Diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting
- Abdominal discomfort or reduced appetite
- Vitamin B12 deficiency with long-term use
- Rare, serious lactic acidosis
Important warnings
- Avoid with severe kidney impairment or metabolic acidosis.
- Kidney function should be checked before and during treatment.
- Temporarily stopping may be needed around certain contrast scans or major surgery.
- Excess alcohol increases the risk of lactic acidosis.
Pregnancy
Metformin may be used during pregnancy when clinically appropriate; treatment decisions should be made with a healthcare professional.
Breastfeeding
Small amounts enter breast milk; use during breastfeeding depends on clinical circumstances and infant health.
Interactions
- Iodinated contrast agents can increase kidney-related risks.
- Some medicines, such as cimetidine, can raise metformin levels.
- Insulin and sulfonylureas can increase low blood sugar risk.
- Alcohol increases the risk of lactic acidosis.
AI-generated from general medical knowledge, not from this product's official leaflet. It may be incomplete or out of date. Not medical advice — ask a pharmacist or doctor before making any decision.