About metformin hydrochloride m
Biguanide antidiabetic
Used for
- Type 2 diabetes, alongside lifestyle measures
- May be combined with other diabetes medicines
Usual adult dose
Usually started at 500 mg once or twice daily with meals, then increased gradually; typical maximum is 2,000–2,550 mg daily, depending on formulation and local guidance.
Usual dose in children
For type 2 diabetes from age 10: usually 500 mg once or twice daily with meals; increase gradually, up to 2,000 mg daily.
Common side effects
- Nausea, diarrhoea, or stomach discomfort
- Reduced appetite
- Vitamin B12 deficiency with long-term use
- Rarely, lactic acidosis
Important warnings
- Kidney function should be checked; avoid in severe kidney impairment.
- Temporary interruption may be needed around some contrast scans or major surgery.
- Excessive alcohol increases the risk of lactic acidosis.
- Seek urgent care for unusual weakness, breathing difficulty, or severe abdominal symptoms.
Pregnancy
Metformin may be used in pregnancy when clinically appropriate; treatment choices depend on individual circumstances.
Breastfeeding
Small amounts pass into breast milk; it is generally considered compatible with breastfeeding in healthy, full-term infants.
Interactions
- Iodinated contrast agents can increase kidney-related risk.
- Some medicines, including cimetidine, can raise metformin levels.
- Alcohol increases the risk of lactic acidosis.
- Other diabetes medicines may increase the risk of low blood sugar.
AI-generated from general medical knowledge, not from this product's official leaflet. It may be incomplete or out of date. Not medical advice — ask a pharmacist or doctor before making any decision.