About metformin hydrochlo ride
Biguanide antidiabetic
Used for
- Type 2 diabetes, alongside diet and exercise
Usual adult dose
Usually starts at 500 mg once or twice daily with meals; increased gradually as needed.
Usual dose in children
For children aged 10 and older: usually starts at 500 mg once daily with food; increased gradually.
Common side effects
- Diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, or stomach discomfort
- Reduced vitamin B12 levels with long-term use
- Rarely, lactic acidosis, a serious medical emergency
Important warnings
- Not suitable for some people with severe kidney problems.
- Temporarily stop may be needed around certain contrast scans or surgery.
- Avoid excessive alcohol; it can raise the risk of lactic acidosis.
- Metformin alone rarely causes low blood sugar.
Pregnancy
Use during pregnancy only under medical supervision; insulin is often preferred for diabetes control.
Breastfeeding
Small amounts enter breast milk; use may be considered with medical supervision.
Interactions
- Iodinated contrast dyes can affect kidney function and require temporary interruption.
- Some medicines, including cimetidine, can increase metformin levels.
- Alcohol increases the risk of lactic acidosis.
- Insulin and sulfonylureas can increase the risk of low blood sugar.
AI-generated from general medical knowledge, not from this product's official leaflet. It may be incomplete or out of date. Not medical advice — ask a pharmacist or doctor before making any decision.